Which parenting style is associated with firm expectations and support?

The parenting style characterized by firm expectations combined with support is known as the democratic or authoritative style. This approach emphasizes a balance between setting clear rules and expectations while also nurturing and involving children in the decision-making process. Parents who adopt a democratic style are responsive to their children's needs and encourage independence while maintaining a structured environment. This fosters a sense of responsibility and self-confidence in children, as they learn to navigate boundaries with the support of their parents.

In contrast, permissive parenting allows for fewer rules, which may lead to a lack of structure, while negligent parenting is marked by a lack of involvement and concern, failing to provide either support or expectations. Authoritarian parenting, on the other hand, enforces strict rules without offering emotional support or considering the child's perspective, which can lead to compliance but may hinder healthy emotional development.